Roaches/Rodents

Roaches

German Cockroach

The German cockroach is the most common of all the cockroaches. This species is seen world wide causing allergic reactions and spreading disease causing pathogens. The average length of the German Cockroach is about 1/2 inch long. The color of these roaches are light brown to tan. They have long stripes on the pronotal shield. They rarely fly. The German Cockroach's egg capsules are light yellow brown in color. The egg capsule contains on an average 30 to 40 eggs. German Cockroaches prefer warm and humid places ofter near place where people eat or food is prepared or stored. They spend 75% of their time in cracks and crevices. They have been know to feed on toothpaste, soap, glue, and anything with nutritional value. Following standard control procedures to reduce infestation of the German Cockroach, a frequent service might be need due to rapid reproduction rate.

American Cockroach

Water bug, Palmetto bug are just a few of the common names for the American Cockroach. Although it is called the American roach, it can be found worldwide. The American Cockroach is about 1.5 to 2.25 inches long. It is reddish brown in color with a band around the edge of the pronotal shield of a brown to yellow color. The last segment of the cockroaches body is at least twice as long as the cockroaches width. It's antennae are brown. The egg capsules are dark brown to dark reddish in color and about 1/2 inch long. Each egg capsule usually contains 16 eggs. American cockroaches are sometimes found in residences. However, they are mush more common in larger commercial buildings, restaurants, bakeries, food processing plants and grocery stores. These cockroaches can be found in drains, elevator pits and sewer systems. Dust and baits are most effective in controlling these cockroaches due to their size and thick exoskeleton.

Oriental Cockroach

The Oriental cockroach is also call a waterbug, shadroach, and black beetle. It can be found world wide. Males are around 1 inch long while females are about 1 1/4 inches long. They are shiny black. The wings on a male cover about 75% of their abdomen. Females have smaller wings that are similar to the a nymph's wings. Their egg capsules are reddish brown and change to black as the cockroaches get closer to hatching. The egg capsules are approximately 1/2/ inch long. The egg capsules contain approximately 16 eggs. This species of cockroach can survive extreme conditions for an extended period of time. They prefer starchy foods, but will feed just about anything. They have one of the strongest "roachy" odors of all the different cockroaches. Dust and baits work best for these cockroaches due to their size and thick exoskeleton.

Rodents

House Mouse

The house mouse is the common mouse seen in both homes and businesses. The house mouse is gray and weighs one half to one once. The body is three to four inches long and the tail is three to four inches long. The muzzle is pointed, the ears are large, the eyes and body are small. Adult droppings are 1/8 to 1/4 inch long and rod-shaped with pointed ends. They are good climbers, jump 12 inches, and jump down from eight feet. House mice easily squeeze through holes and gaps as small as 1/4 inch. They are very social in their behavior, very inquisitive about things in their environment and ready to explore anything new. House mice prefer to nest in dark secluded areas where there is little chance of disturbance, and in areas where nesting materials, such as paper, cardboard, attic insulation, cotton, etc., are readily available. They nibble on food, preferring items such as seeds and cereals. They feed at dusk and just before dawn. The major health risk associated with house mice are salmonella contamination and leptospirosis. Signs of infestations are visual observations, droppings and rub marks. Within structures, house mice can be controlled by using baited and unbaited snap traps and glue boards or anticoagulant rodenticides. When baiting indoors, these products should be placed in tamper-proof bait stations and in areas which are inaccessible to children and pets.

Rats

There are two types of rats that are common to our area. They are the Roof Rat, and most common, the Norway Rat.

Norway Rat

The Norway Rat is the largest of the commensal rodents. The head and body are seven to ten inches long and the tail is an additional six to eight inches. It has a stocky body and weighs seven to 18 ounces. The fur is course, shaggy and brown with some black hairs. The muzzle is blunt, eyes and ears are small, and the tail, which is bi-colored, is shorter than the head and body combined. Norway Rat droppings are up to 3/4 inch long with blunt ends. rats are nocturnal. They are shy about new objects and very cautious when things in their environment and along their established runs change. Norway rats prefer to nest in burrows in the soil; under sidewalks, concrete pads, stream/river banks, railroad track beds, next to buildings, in low ground cover, etc. The burrows have one main entrance and at least one escape hole. Rats easily enter buildings through 1/2 inch and larger gaps. In buildings, they prefer to nest in the lower levels of the building: crawlspace, basement, loading dock and sewers. They prefer foods such as meats, fish and cereals, and require a separate non-food water source. Rats also cause significant structural damage and product destruction, and are associated with various diseases. The keys to a successful program to control Norway Rats are, identification, sanitation, elimination of harborage and rodent proofing. Exclusion is a critical aspect of control.

Roof Rat

The roof rat is a commensal (living in close association with humans) rodent. The head and body are six to eight inches long and the tail is an additional seven to ten inches. It has a slight body which weighs five to nine ounces. The fur is soft, smooth, and brown in color. The muzzle is pointed, eyes and ears are large, and the scaly tail, which is uniformly dark, is longer than the head and body combined. Roof rat droppings are up to 1/2 inch long and spindle-shaped with pointed ends. Rats are nocturnal. Roof rats easily enter buildings through holes as small as 1/2 inch. In buildings, they prefer to nest in the upper levels of the building, and occasionally in basements and sewers. They prefer foods such as fruits,vegetables and cereals. Their foraging range is 100 to 150 feet from their nest. Rats are associated with various diseases and occasionally bite. Rats also cause significant structural damage and product destruction. The keys to a successful program of rodent control are: identification, sanitation, elimination of harborage and rodent proofing. The inspection should identify signs of infestation. Some signs are: gnaw marks, droppings, tracks, burrows, rib marks, runways, damaged goods, etc. Sanitation consists of removing food, water and materials which provide harborage. Exclusion is a critical aspect of rodent control.

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